The Congo basin is one of the major river basins in the world. Its history over the last 100 Myr records a series of geological events with a worldwide significance: the opening of the Atlantic Ocean; the greenhouse-gas (GHG) rich Cretaceous period; the Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary at 65 My; the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) at ~55 My; the Miocene aperture of the Western branch of the East African Rift System (EARS) on its eastern border at 25 My. In a nutshell, the river basin experiences two major drainage regime in this time interval: (1) a continental lake and starving basin (desert conditions?) in the Mid- to Late Cretaceous and the Paleogene; (2) a powerful river with a massive drainage in the Neogene, and the deposition of a large offshore Tertiary sedimentary fan, whose diagenesis led to the formation of offshore oil deposits. The internal structure of the Basin is a major constrain influencing the sedimentation therein. A multidisciplinary research has shed new light on this structure, and on the geometry of the sediments deposited at different periods in the evolution of the basin. This study (yet to be published) provides a series of transects within the basin, allowing for a much better understanding of its progressive sedimentary infilling. This history of the Basin also owes much to the vertical movements that affect the basin itself and its rims, from the East African Plateau (EAP)